Study on Historical Origin of the /l/ and the Velarized /ɫ/ Phonemes in Kurdish

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Ph.D. of Ancient Culture and Languages, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

This research has investigated the historical origin of the /l/ and /ɫ/ phonemes in Kurdish language (central and southern branches) within the phonological system. For this purpose, the historical origin of the /l/ and /ɫ/ phonemes has been studied along with the historical process of phonemes or clusters that change from ancient to modern period in Kurdish. The study begins with the reconstructed forms in Indo-European language, and the process of developments has been studied from Old to Middle Iranian (north-western) with examples. Then, the developments to the new period in Kurdish have been investigated. This research argues the /l/ phoneme in Kurdish in some cases is originated from Indo-European and is continuation of Indo-European *l. It shows that l- in initial context of the word in Kurdish is equal to Indo-European *l- in initial position of the word. Moreover, it indicates the presence of the -ɫ in Kurdish originates from Indo-European *-l- in non-initial context of the word and also the sequence of *t and *d in Indo-European to Old Iranian. It also demonstrates the differences between /l/ and /ɫ/ phonemes from a historical point of view and their positions in the word

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References

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